Optimism. Learning how to re-frame your thinking into a positive cast of mind is a useful skill. The idea of positive "positive thinking" has been around at least since 1950's and we are in the grip of it once more. You should believe that some things can get better and you will have no reason not to try it wholeheartedly.
Openness. Clever people are too readily analyze new information and categorize it into their existing schemas and frameworks. In this way they can be blind to nuances and nuggets that can change their lives while stupid people don't bother to analyze new information. The result in both cases is a kind of content and complacent maintenance of status quo.
Self-efficacy. This is a concept pioneered by psychologist Albert Bandura and relates to one's belief that you can do something or achieve something. People who believe they can successfully complete a training course or diet are more likely to do so than those without self-belief. Self-efficacy is not just about positive self-talk but also about engaging in action steps set out, to provide the proof to yourself that you rally can do it.
Vision. Creating something akin to a mental movie in which you can see yourself doing whatever it is you seek. Can you see yourself acting and interacting with the other people in this desired domain? Are you succeeding? The purpose of envisaging is to create some active engagement that may leas to other opportunities as you act.
Playfulness and risk. The Zen Buddhist term for this concept is Shoshin, meaning come up to an idea without preconceptions to see it for what it is. It is a bit like throwing away the instruction manual.
Flexibility. You need to adapt changes in circumstances and the ability to simultaneously think concepts between tasks. As Groucho Marx's said "There are my principles and if you don't like them, don't worry, I've got others!" It means most diamonds have flaws as well as brilliance and it depends on how you hold them up to the light as to what you will see.
Persistence. The most important things you've done in your life involved a degree of risk that met with resistance from some quarters. It is amazing how many people fail simply because they lose the courage of their convictions. It's therefore important to recognize that giving in is ultimately your choice and yours alone.
resource: Focusing on IELTS, Mcmillan, 2nd edition by, Jeremy Lindeck, Jannette Greenwood, Kerry O'Sullivan
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